Machine can be defined as a cluster of mechanisms that can perform certain task by expanding energy. Such mechanisms are driven by mechanical power, which come in the from of rotational torque. A prime mover (such as electric motor, turbine, etc.) usually supplies mechanical power and it is then transmitted to the machine unit with the help of mechanical drives. There are four mechanical drives, namely gear drive, belt drive,
Mechanical drives are used to transmit motion, torque and power from a driver shaft to driven shaft. The driver shaft, in majority of the cases, is a part of prime mover (such as electric motor, hydraulic turbine, steam turbine, etc.); while, the driven shaft is a part of the machine unit. There exist four basic mechanical drives, namely gear drive, belt drive, chain drive and rope drive. A gear drive
Mechanical drives are used to transmit motion, torque and power from driver shaft (such as prime mover) to driven shaft (such as machine unit). There are four mechanical drives, namely gear drive, belt drive, chain drive and rope drive. Unlike belt drive (a friction drive), gear drive is one engagement drive, which indicates power transmission occurs by means of successive engagement and disengagement of teeth of two gears. It is
Machines require a continuous source of power to perform certain task. Majority of industrial machines are driven by mechanical power, which comes in the form of rotational torque. A prime mover is used to generate mechanical energy converting other form of energy; for example an electric motor converts electric energy into mechanical energy. Mechanical power transmission system is used to transmit power from such prime movers to the intended locations
Mechanical drives are used to transmit motion, torque and power from driver shaft (usually a prime mover like electric motor) to driven shaft (such as machine unit). There are four mechanical drives, namely gear drive, belt drive, chain drive and rope drive. Each of them has specific features and is suitable for certain type of applications. A gear drive is preferred for power transmission over small distance. It is one
Mechanical drives are frequently used in machineries to transmit motion, torque and power from one place to another. Along with transmission of power, such drives can also change direction of rotation, speed and torque. Belt drive, chain drive, rope drive, and gear drive are four major mechanical drives; while, other elements such as shaft, clutch, brake, etc. assist in power transmission. They can transmit power either by means of friction
Spring is a flexible mechanical element that can undergo significant amount of elastic deformation under the action of external loading. While experiencing elastic deflection, spring can absorb mechanical energy and store it within itself, which is subsequently released in a controlled way when it regains original shape and size. It has wide area of application starting from low-duty requirements (such as spring-operated ball point pen, self-closing door hinge, bike or
Spring is one mechanical element that can undergo significant amount of elastic deformation under the action of external loading. During its elastic deformation, spring can absorb mechanical energy and can subsequently release it in a controlled manner by regaining the original shape. It is used to introduce some amount of flexibility whenever desired in the mechanical system or structural element. Several functionalities can be obtained easily by manipulating the usage
Spring is one mechanical or structural element that can undergo significant amount of elastic deformation and thereby introduces flexibility into the system. During elastic deformation under the action of external loading, the spring absorbs mechanical energy, which is subsequently released when it regains original shape and size. Spring is used predominantly in mechanical systems and also in certain structural elements. Its diverse field of application include storing energy and releasing
Machining or metal cutting is one type of subtractive manufacturing process where excess material is gradually removed from the preformed blank to produce desired three dimensional feature or product. Conventional machining processes (like straight turning, taper turning, internal turning, threading, facing, drilling, boring, reaming, tapping, planing, shaping, slotting, milling, fly cutting, hobbing, grooving, parting, etc.) utilize a sharp wedge shaped cutting tool (cutter) to remove unwanted material. This cutter compresses
Machining or metal cutting is one of the secondary manufacturing processes by which excess material is gradually removed from a preformed blank to obtain desired shape, size and finish. There exist larger number of processes to fulfil the basic requirement of machining. Such processes can be broadly classified as conventional machining processes (turning, threading, facing, drilling, boring, shaping, planing, milling, grooving, reaming, etc.), abrasive cutting processes (grinding, lapping, honing, polishing,
Machining or metal cutting is one type of secondary manufacturing process by which excess material is gradually removed by shearing from pre-formed blank in the form of chips using a wedge shaped cutting tool to obtain desired shape, size and finish. It is one subtractive manufacturing process, which indicates layer by layer material is removed to get desired form. There exist a large number of such processes—each having different capability
Metal cutting or machining is one of the secondary manufacturing processes by which excess material is gradually removed by shearing from a pre-formed blank in the form of chips using a wedge shaped cutting tool in order to obtain intended form having better finish, high dimensional accuracy and close tolerance. It is one type of subtractive manufacturing process where layer by layer material is removed from a solid blank to
Primary aim of secondary manufacturing processes is to obtain products having better surface quality, high dimensional accuracy and close tolerance. Such processes include machining or metal cutting operations (like turning, milling, drilling, reaming, precision turning, grinding, lapping, honing, AJM, USM, EDM, LBM, IBM, etc.) and surface modification operations (like heat treatment, coloring, coating, etc.). Each of these processes has varying level of capabilities in terms of surface quality and precision.
Functional performance of any solid surface relies on the physical conditions and chemical composition of the concerned surface and subsurface layers. Quality is defined as fit for intended purpose. Similarly, quality of a solid surface is one subjective matter and its assessment primarily depends on intended functionalities. Let us explain the same with examples. With respect to decorative artefact, appearance of the surface has importance rather than presence of micro-cracks
Welding is one fast and reliable joining technique that has almost replaced other permanent joining processes. It can be defined as one joining process by which two or more materials can be assembled permanently with or without the applications of heat, pressure and filler. It can be overwhelmingly used for joining not only metals but also other types of materials including plastics and ceramics. To cater the need of joining
Turning is one machining or metal cutting process (subtractive manufacturing) used to reduce diameter of a cylindrical workpiece by gradually removing excess material. It is performed on a versatile machine tool, called lathe, using a single point cutting tool. As the name suggests, a single point cutter contains only one main cutting edge that participates in material removal action during machining. Turning tool, formally known as single point turning tool
Welding is one of the joining processes by which two or more solid components can be joined permanently by coalescence formation with or without the application of heat, pressure and filler metal. There exist a large number of welding processes for efficient and productive joining of wide variety of materials in several ways. Based on the application of heat from external source during welding, such processes can be classified as
Machining or metal cutting is one secondary manufacturing process where excess material is gradually removed from the workpiece in order to impart desired finish, dimension and tolerance. To cater the need of efficiently and economically machining a wide variety of materials in different ways, several relevant processes have emerged over the years. Broadly these processes can be grouped as conventional machining (macro and micro), abrasive finishing and non-traditional machining (NTM).
Machining or metal cutting is one subtractive manufacturing process that is used to gradually remove excess material from a pre-formed blank in order to achieve high dimensional accuracy and close tolerance. There are various types of machining operations to efficiently and productively accomplish material removal task on various work materials in varying level of precision. Such processes can be broadly classified as—conventional machining (like turning, facing, milling, drilling, boring, hobbing,
Conventional machining or metal cutting operation is performed to gradually remove excess layer of material from the workpiece to impart intended shape, dimension and finish. Material removal is realized with the help of a small device called cutter or cutting tool. During machining, the cutter as well as the workpiece is rigidly mounted on the machine tool with the help of various arrangements. Relative velocity between cutter and workpiece is
Machining is one subtractive manufacturing process by which excess material is removed from pre-formed blank in the form of chips in order to improve dimensional accuracy and tolerance. A wedge shaped cutting tool (or cutter) is employed for gradual shearing of layer by layer material. Geometry, orientation and material are three paramount factors that influence machining capability and product quality. Cutter geometry embraces crucial features of the cutting edge(s) and
Machining or metal cutting is one subtractive manufacturing process that is predominantly used to remove unwanted material from workpiece to improve dimensional accuracy and tolerance. Over the ages multifarious machining processes have been evolved for efficient processing of a larger variety of materials in innumerable ways. Broadly such processes can be classified as conventional machining processes, abrasive finishing processes and non-traditional machining (NTM) processes. By definition, conventional machining is one
Machining or metal cutting is one of the manufacturing processes by which excess material is gradually removed from a pre-formed blank to provide desired shape, size and finish. It is one subtractive manufacturing process that is primarily used to improve dimensional accuracy and tolerance level. To efficiently and economically process various materials in several ways, there exist various machining processes, each having different capability in terms of material removal rate
Fabricating complicate shaped products with good surface finish by casting is not always feasible and economical. Various secondary operations can be performed on the casted products to finally produce the desired object. Such operations include joining (such as welding), material removal or machining, heat treatment or property alteration, coloring and coating, etc. Material removal processes basically removes material from workpiece surface to provide intended dimension and tolerance. A large number
